• OECD IS 30 DEVELOPED COUNTRIES - NORTH AMERICA, WESTERN EUROPE, JAPAN, KOREA
• OECD CONTROL SYSTEM AND THE BASEL CONVENTION
• NOTICE AND CONSENT SYSTEMS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTE IMPORT/EXPORT
• DETERMINATION OF ESM ALREADY REQUIRED

ESM PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

• SEVERAL YEAR DEVELOPMENTAL PROCESS: STILL EARLY
• OBJECTIVE: ASSURE ENVIRONMENTALLY SOUND RECYCLING
• MAIN FOCUS IS ON ADEQUACY OF THE RECYCLING FACILITY
• POSSIBLE THIRD-PARTY CERTIFICATION
• THREE MAIN PROGRAM COMPONENTS

ESM PROGRAM COMPONENTS

THREE COMPONENTS FOR RECYCLING FACILITY

1. EMS CERTIFICATION (e.g., ISO 14000 OR EMAS)
2. CORE PERFORMANCE ELEMENTS

FOR ALL RECYCLING FACILITIES - examples:

• OPERATING PERMIT
• PERSONNEL TRAINING
• RECORDKEEPING
• FACILITY MONITORING
• EMERGENCY PLANS
• FINANCIAL ASSURANCE
• CLOSURE PLAN

3. WASTE/MATERIAL-SPECIFIC GUIDELINES

OECD ESM GUIDELINES DEVELOPMENT

• "PILOT" STANDARDS/GUIDELINES ON PERSONAL COMPUTERS
• WITHIN A CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (INCLUDING WASTE MIN AND PRODUCT POLICIES)
• FOCUS ON WASTE MANAGEMENT, ESPECIALLY RECYCLING
• POTENTIAL USE FOR DOMESTIC AND INTERNATIONAL SHIPMENTS

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

SCOPE

• USED PERSONAL COMPUTERS (INCLUDES NOTEBOOKS/LAPTOPS)

  CPUs, MONITORS, PRINTERS, KEYBOARDS, etc.

• SCRAP FROM PRODUCTION OF PCs
• USED PCs FOR EVALUATION OF REUSE POTENTIAL
• MATERIALS MANAGEMENT FOCUS

DOESN’T USE "WASTE" VS "NON-WASTE"

DOESN’T USE "HAZARDOUS WASTE" VS "NON-HAZARDOUS WASTE"

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

SUBSTANCES OF CONCERN

• METALS: LEAD, CADMIUM, BERYLLIUM
• BATTERIES
• BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS
• PHOSPHORS
• LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYS (LCDs)

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

REUSE/RECYCLING PRACTICES

• DIRECT REUSE
• REFURBISHMENT AND REUSE
• COMPONENT REUSE
• RAW MATERIAL RECOVERY

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

FACILITY GUIDELINES

• IMPORTING FACILITIES MUST MAXIMIZE REUSE/MATERIAL RECOVERY
• NATURE OF REGULATORY CONTROLS IS DEPENDENT UPON NATURE OF RISKS

REFURBISHMENT: LOW RISKS, THUS LESSER CONTROLS

DISMANTLING AND RAW MATERIAL RECOVERY: GREATER RISKS, THUS GREATER CONTROLS

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

• TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC COMPONENTS:

CIRCUIT BOARDS

BATTERIES

CATHODE RAY TUBES (CRTs)

INSULATED WIRE

FERROUS AND NON-FERROUS METALS

PLASTICS

LCDs

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

• OPTIONS FOR ASSURANCE OF ESM AT THE FACILITY LEVEL

FACILITY SELF-CERTIFICATION

THIRD PARTY CERTIFICATION

IMPORTING COUNTRY DETERMINATION

EXPORTING COUNTRY DETERMINATION

OVERVIEW OF DRAFT GUIDELINES

• TRANSBOUNDARY PROCEDURES ARE INTERRELATED WITH CHOICE OF ESM CONFORMANCE ASSURANCE SCHEME
• PACKAGING

CRTs

CRT GLASS

SHREDDED CIRCUIT BOARDS

ISSUES

• SHOULD GUIDELINES COVER ONLY HAZARDOUS WASTE, OR ALSO OTHER WASTES AND NON-WASTES?
• HOW TO ASSURE COMPLIANCE WITH THE GUIDELINES?
• SHOULD THE CURRENT EFFORT CONTINUE FOCUS ONLY ON PCs, OR EXPAND SCOPE?
• WHAT LEVEL OF PRESCRIPTIVENESS SHOULD BE USED IN THE GUIDELINES? (e.g., SHOULD THEY CONTAIN EMISSION LIMITS?)
• HOW SHOULD THE GUIDELINES ADDRESS THE QUESTION OF ASSURANCE OF ESM AT SECONDARY AND TERTIARY FACILITIES?