Loading and unloading

This common workplace situation involves handling cargo or a load from a point of rest to or from a means of transportation, such as railroad cars, trucks, ships, etc. This work may also involve moving and storing materials or products. Workers involved in loading/unloading often utilize physical labor, forklifts and overhead cranes. They also commonly work around conveyor systems and other methods of conveyance.**

The information in each section below is listed in the order of relevance to the hazardous situation.

Situational risks – inherent to the situation or proximate cause of injury
Fall to lower level Crushed by moving load Struck by vehicle	Struck by machinery or equipment Pinning risk

Systemic risks – contribute to injury but are not direct causes
Lack of workplace awareness Improper load storage Improper lifting techniques Lack of training	Fatigue Improper machine operation Uneven terrain

Relevant Technology Solutions for loading and uploading
Automatic dock/bay locks Proximity sensors Vehicle telematics Location geofencing	Ergonomic monitoring wearables Fall protection kits Robots Passive or active exoskeletons

*Safety Technology White Paper: Work to Zero Safety Technology 2020: Mapping Technology Solutions for Reducing Serious Injuries and Fatalities in the Workplace

**Office of Administrative Law Judges

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